The electric vehicle industry has been making strides in research and development, especially when it comes to improving battery performance and lifespan. A recent study funded by the Toyota Research Institute has revealed a groundbreaking discovery in the field of EV batteries.
Published in the scientific research paper Joule, the study suggests that charging lithium-ion batteries at high speeds during the initial formation process can significantly extend their lifespan. Researchers from the SLAC-Stanford Battery Center conducted experiments that showed a 50% increase in battery life on average, and up to 70% in some cases.
Before EV batteries are even plugged in for the first time, they undergo a critical step called “formation” in the manufacturing process. This step involves carefully controlled charging and discharging cycles to stabilize the battery pack and activate the materials within the cells. These initial cycles have a direct impact on the battery’s performance, longevity, and overall quality.
Traditionally, manufacturers have used low currents for the first charging cycles, making the process time-consuming. However, the new study suggests that high currents during the initial charging phases can have a positive effect on the battery’s lifespan. Despite an initial loss of lithium content, this high-speed charging method creates a protective layer on the negative electrode, ultimately improving the pack’s longevity.
The research involved running 186 charging and discharging cycles across 62 formation protocols, showcasing the effectiveness of the high-speed charging method. This innovative approach not only saves time in the production process but also has the potential to extend the age of the battery.
Overall, this study sheds light on a new technique that could revolutionize battery manufacturing for electric vehicles. By optimizing the initial charging cycles with high currents, manufacturers can improve battery performance, lifespan, and overall quality. This research paves the way for advancements in EV battery technology, bringing us one step closer to a more sustainable and efficient future.